Gambaran Pasien Sumbing Bibir dan Langit-langit di RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado Tahun 2022-2025
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35790/ecl.v14i2.66296Keywords:
sumbing bibir; sumbing langit-langit; kelainan bawaanAbstract
Abstract: Cleft lip and palate are the most common congenital abnormalities of the face resulting from incomplete fusion of the upper lip or roof of the mouth during fetal development. This study aimed to determine the general characteristics of cleft lip and palate, such as gender, age, type of disorder, type of cleft, location of defect, etiology, clinical type, management, and complications. This was a retrospective and descriptive study using medical records of patients with cleft lip and palate. The results showed that most patients were male (51.47%), and age group undergoing surgery being 0-4 years (61.76%). The most common type of abnormality was cleft lip and palate (58.82%), with complete cleft type (48.53%), and most defects occurred on the left side (38.24%). The most common cause was family history (25%), most patients were non-syndromic (79.10%), surgery had been performed (89.71%), and most had no complications (90.16%). In conclusion, patients with cleft lip and palate were predominantly male, underwent surgery at the age of 0-4 years, had a combination of cleft lip and palate, had a complete cleft, occurred on the left side, had a family history, non-syndromic, underwent surgical treatment, and had no complications.
Keywords: cleft lip; cleft palate; congenital abnormality
Abstrak: Sumbing bibir dan langit-langit merupakan kelainan bawaan paling umum pada wajah akibat tidak sempurnanya penyatuan jaringan bibir atas atau langit-langit mulut selama perkembangan janin. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran umum terkait sumbing bibir dan langit-langit seperti jenis kelamin, usia, jenis kelainan, tipe celah, lokasi defek, etiologi, tipe klinis, penatalaksanaan, dan komplikasi. Jenis penelitian ini ialah deskriptif retrospektif dengan menggunakan data rekam medis pasien sumbing bibir dan langit-langit. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan bahwa sebagian besar pasien ialah laki-laki (51,47%), dengan kelompok usia 0-4 tahun (61,76%). Jenis kelainan terbanyak yaitu sumbing bibir dan langit-langit (58,82%), dengan tipe celah komplit (48,53%), dan lokasi defek terjadi di kiri (38,24%). Faktor penyebab terbanyak yaitu riwayat keluarga (25%), sebagian besar pasien non-sindromik (79,10%), sudah dilakukan tatalaksana operasi (89,71%), dan yang paling banyak tidak ada komplikasi (90,16%). Simpulan penelitian ini ialah pasien sumbing bibir dan langit-langit didominasi oleh laki-laki, dioperasi saat usia 0-4 tahun, memiliki jenis kelainan kombinasi sumbing bibir dan langit, bertipe celah komplit, terjadi di sisi kiri, mempunyai riwayat keluarga, bersifat non-sindromik, dilakukan tatalaksana operasi, dan tidak ada komplikasi.
Kata kunci: sumbing bibir; sumbing langit-langit; kelainan bawaan
References
1. Bonanthaya K, Panneerselvam E, Manuel S, Kumar VV, Rai A. Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery for the Clinician. Singapore: Springer; 2021. Doi: https://doi.org/10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_472_20
2. Vyas T, Gupta P, Kumar S, Gupta R, Gupta T, Singh H. Cleft of lip and palate: a review. J Family Med Prim Care. 2020;9(6):2621. Doi: https://doi.org/10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_472_20
3. Kemenkes RI. Pedoman Nasional Pelayanan Kedokteran Bibir Sumbing dan Lelangit. Jakarta: Kemenkes; 2020. Available from: https://kemkes.go.id/id/pnpk-2019---tata-laksana-bibir-sumbing.
4. Sundoro A, Hilmanto D, Soedjana H, Lesmana R, Harianti S. Epidemiology of cleft lip and palate charity mission surgery at Bandung Cleft Lip and Palate Center, Indonesia: a 14-year institutional review. Arch Craniofac Surg. 2024;25(2):62–70. Doi: https://doi.org/10.7181/acfs.2023.00416
5. Ruiz-Guillén A, Suso-Ribera C, Romero-Maroto M, Gallardo C, Peñacoba C. Perception of quality of life by children and adolescents with cleft lip/palate after orthodontic and surgical treatment: gender and age analysis. Prog Orthod. 2021;22(1):10. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1186/s40510-021-00354-8
6. Heydari MH, Sadeghian A, Khadivi G, Mustafa HJ, Javinani A, Nadjmi N, et al. Prevalence, trend, and associated risk factors for cleft lip with/without cleft palate: a national study on live births from 2016 to 2021. BMC Oral Health. 2024;24(1):36. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12903-023-03797-z
7. Putri FA, Pattamatta M, Anita SES, Maulina T. The global occurrences of cleft lip and palate in pediatric patients and their association with demographic factors: a narrative review. Children (Basel). 2024;11(3):322. Doi: https://doi.org/10.3390/children11030322
8. Fitrie RNI, Hidayat M, Dahliana L. Angka kejadian celah bibir dengan atau tanpa celah langit-langit di Yayasan Pembina Penderita Celah Bibir dan Langit-Langit (YPPCBL) tahun 2016–2019. J Med Health. 2022;4(1):18–29. Doi: https://doi.org/10.28932/jmh.v4i1.3396
9. Gamble C, Persson C, Willadsen E, Albery L, Soegaard Andersen H, Zattoni Antoneli M, et al. Timing of primary surgery for cleft palate. NEJM. 2023;389(9):795–807. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa2215162
10. Widjaja FA, Saputro ID. Patients’ profile of cleft lip and palate: 3 years evaluation at Surabaya CLP Center Foundation. Jurnal Plastik Rekonstruksi. 2024;11(2):67–73. Doi: https://doi.org/10.14228/jprjournal.v11i2.381
11. Kosowski T, Weathers W, Wolfswinkel E, Ridgway E. Cleft palate. Semin Plast Surg. 2012;26(4):164–9. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0033-1333883
12. Kawalec A, Nelke K, Pawlas K, Gerber H. Risk factors involved in orofacial cleft predisposition-review. Open Medicine (Poland). 2015;10(1):163–75. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1515/med-2015-0027
13. Loho JN. Prevalensi labioschisis di RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado periode Januari 2011–Oktober 2012. eBiomedik. 2013;1(1):396-401. Doi: https://doi.org/10.35790/ebm.1.1.2013.4569
14. Shivlani VI, Niranjane PP, Diagavane PS, Madhu PP. Demographic profile of patients with cleft lip and palate anomaly: 15-year experience from a tertiary care hospital and teaching institute in Wardha District of Maharashtra, India. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent. 2023;16(S-3):S278–S282. Doi: https://doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10005-2675
15. Gritli-Linde A. The etiopathogenesis of cleft lip and cleft palate: usefulness and caveats of mouse models. Curr Top Dev Biol. 2008;84:37–138. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0070-2153(08)00602-9
16. Hadadi AI, Al Wohaibi D, Almtrok N, Aljahdali N, AlMeshal O, Badri M. Congenital anomalies associated with syndromic and non-syndromic cleft lip and palate. JPRAS Open. 2017;14(C):5–15. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpra.2017.06.001
17. Isaac KV, Ganske IM, Rottgers SA, Lim SY, Mulliken JB. Cleft lip and palate in CHARGE syndrome: Phenotypic features that influence management. Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Journal. 2018;55(3):342–7. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1177/1055665617738994
18. Qamar M, Shahbaz MR, Jabeen HA, Hafeez R, Hasan M. Perception of people towards cleft lip and palate: a cross-sectional study. J Surgery. 2023;3(1):1081. Available from: https://www.journalonsurgery.org/articles/js-v3-1081.html
19. Tatum SA. Patient screening and selection for cleft lip and palate surgery procedures. JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(9):e2428057. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.28057
20. Adesina O, Efunkoya A, Omeje K, Idon P. Postoperative complications from primary repair of cleft lip and palate in a semi-urban Nigerian teaching hospital. Nigerian Medical Journal. 2016;57(3):155. Doi: https://doi.org/10.4103/0300-1652.184059
21. Escher PJ, Zavala H, Lee D, Roby BB, Chinnadurai S. Malnutrition as a risk factor in cleft lip and palate surgery. Laryngoscope. 2021;131(6):E2060–5. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/lary.29209
22. Kemenkes RI. Survei Status Gizi Indonesia (SSGI) 2024 dalam Angka. Jakarta: Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia; 2025. Available from: https://www.badankebijakan.kemkes.go.id/survei-status-gizi-indonesia-ssgi-2024/
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Ricardo F. Langingi, Mendy J. Hatibie, Rangga B. V. Rawung
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
COPYRIGHT
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
Authors hold their copyright and grant this journal the privilege of first publication, with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that permits others to impart the work with an acknowledgment of the work's origin and initial publication by this journal.
Authors can enter into separate or additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (for example, post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its underlying publication in this journal.
Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (for example, in institutional repositories or on their website) as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of the published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
