THE IMPACT OF WORK DISCIPLINE AND MOTIVATION ON SERVICE PERFORMANCE: WORK ETHIC AS A MODERATOR IN THE AGRICULTURAL OFFICE OF TAMBRAUW REGENCY
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35794/jmbi.v13i1.66801Abstract
This study aims to analyze the influence of work discipline and work motivation on service performance, with work ethic as a moderating variable, among employees at the Department of Agriculture, Tambrauw Regency. A quantitative research methodology was employed to gather data from all 60 employees via questionnaires, interviews, and documentation. The results indicate that both work discipline and motivation have a significant positive effect on service performance, both partially and simultaneously. Moreover, work ethic is found to strengthen the relationship between work discipline and service performance but does not significantly moderate the relationship between work motivation and service performance. The findings highlight that work motivation is the dominant factor affecting service performance. These results suggest that improving service performance at the Department of Agriculture requires a balanced strategy that enhances both work motivation and discipline, supported by strong work ethics. The study recommends the implementation of motivational programs, enforcement of discipline policies, and cultivation of organizational values that foster integrity and responsibility among employees to achieve optimal service quality.
References
Aditya, R., & Malik, A. (2022). The moderating effect of work ethic on the relationship between discipline and performance in public service. Journal of Public Administration and Policy, 17(2), 110–123.
Ahmad, N., & Fitria, S. (2025). The role of work ethic in improving service performance: A moderation analysis. Journal of Organizational Development and Public Service, 8(2), 101–113.
Budi, R., Irian Sadipun Komber, M., Irwan, A., Munzir, M., Sohnui, S., & Komoiki, S. (2025). Local wisdom based marketing: Communication of service, product quality and price on purchasing decisions. Economics and Digital Business Review, 6(1), 671–680.
Budi, R., Munzir, M., Hidayat, R., Aprianto, A., Sadipun Komber, M. I., Difinubun, Y., Maskuri, M., & Sohnui, S. (2025). Peningkatan kapasitas bisnis industri kreatif pada manajemen pemasaran berbasis inovasi dan teknologi. Samakta: Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat, 2(2), 93–102. https://doi.org/10.61142/samakta.v2i2.242
Budiman, F., & Sari, P. (2025). Comparative analysis of work ethic moderation: Discipline versus motivation impacts on public service outcomes. Jurnal Ilmu Administrasi Negara, 15(1), 88–102.
Chandra, P., & Lestari, M. (2021). How discipline and motivation together drive public service quality: Evidence from Indonesian local government. International Journal of Public Sector Performance, 12(1), 55–70.
Chang, H., & Lee, S. (2022). The limited role of work ethic in moderating the motivation-performance relationship in government agencies. Journal of Public Personnel Management, 41(1), 33–48.
Ecinsia, E., Nugroho, J. E., & Widjaja, M. L. K. (2024). Pengaruh organization commitment terhadap organizational citizenship behavior dengan person-organization fit sebagai moderator pada karyawan Oakwood Hotel & Residences Surabaya. JMBI UNSRAT (Jurnal Ilmiah Manajemen Bisnis dan Inovasi Universitas Sam Ratulangi), 11(1), 15–29. https://doi.org/10.35794/jmbi.v11i1.53339
Ery Kusmiadi, M., Munzir, M., Rochib Mustaqim, M., & Nadila, N. (2024). Legal counseling to Muhammadiyah residents in the aspect of waqf land in Sorong Regency from a legal certainty perspective. Jurnal Surya Masyarakat, 7(1), 102–111. https://doi.org/10.26714/jsm.7.1.2023.102-111
Garcia, L., & Santos, M. (2024). Exploring the boundaries of work ethic as a moderator in public sector performance. Asian Journal of Public Administration, 47(1), 70–83.
Ginting, F., & Dewi, T. (2023). Enhancing public service outcomes: The interactive effects of discipline, motivation, and work ethic. International Journal of Governance Studies, 6(1), 49–62.
Gunawan, T., & Prabowo, A. (2021). Ethical values and their impact on organizational effectiveness in local government. Journal of Governance and Integrity, 7(3), 92–105.
Hartono, A., & Sari, D. A. (2023). The simultaneous influence of discipline and motivation on employee performance in public sector organizations. Journal of Public Policy and Management, 19(2), 135–149.
Irian, M., Komber, S., Budi, R., Hosyo, Z., Ido, M., Hara, I., Sohnui, S., & Kusumawati, A. (2025). Komitmen, disiplin dan manajemen organisasi terhadap tingkat produktivitas organisasi pada Pimpinan Muhammadiyah Papua Barat Daya. REMB: Research Economics Management and Business, 3(2), 44–54. https://e-journal.unimudasorong.ac.id
Irian Sadipun Komber, M., Budi, R., Anwar, V., Homer, Y., Munzir, M., & Komoiki, S. (2024). Sumber daya manusia Papua: Motivasi kerja dan stres kerja pada kinerja pegawai. Nobel Management Review, 5(3), 282–291. https://e-jurnal.nobel.ac.id/index.php/NMaR
Iskandar, D., & Fauzi, R. (2024). Strategies to enhance work ethic and service quality in government offices. Jurnal Manajemen dan Administrasi Publik, 25(1), 58–71.
Kim, E., & Lee, J. (2021). The impact of motivation on innovation and service quality among public sector employees in South Korea. International Journal of Public Administration, 44(3), 234–246.
Kim, J., Park, S., & Cho, Y. (2025). The interplay of work motivation and work ethic in public service delivery. International Review of Administrative Sciences, 91(2), 215–227.
Li, J., & Sun, H. (2021). Work ethic, motivation, and performance: Evidence from public sector reforms. Asian Review of Public Administration, 32(3), 142–156.
Li, J., & Wong, M. (2024). Unlocking the potential of work discipline through work ethic in public organizations. Asian Journal of Governance Studies, 9(2), 44–59.
Manggalatu, M., Munzir, M., & Musriani, M. (2025). Analisis akuntabilitas pengelolaan bantuan langsung tunai dana desa terhadap kinerja pemerintah desa Sekban Kabupaten Fakfak dengan sistem pengendalian internal sebagai variabel moderasi. FAIR: Financial & Accounting Indonesian Research, 5(1), 45–52. https://doi.org/10.36232/fair.v5i1.2989
Manggalatu, M., Munzir, M., Musriani, M., Komber, S. M. I., Putrawansyah, P., Budi, R., Difinubun, Y., Erawati Tharob, A. S., & Syama, F. (2025). Internal control system as a moderating variable in the analysis of transparency in management of village fund direct cash assistance on village government performance. International Economics and Business Conference (IECON), 3(1), 102–109.
Martinez, J. M., & Santos, E. (2025). Building a high-performance culture through work ethic: Lessons from municipal government. International Journal of Public Service Management, 13(2), 81–97.
Munzir, M., Difinubun, Y., Wulandary, A., Azisah, N., Astuti, S., & Darmayanti, I. (2024). Budgeting and control problems in Warmon Kokoda Village, Sorong Regency. Jurnal STIE Muhammadiyah Palopo, 10(1), 56–63.
Munzir, M., Felda Pramita, D., & Way, A. (2022). Pengaruh struktur financial indicators terhadap kondisi financial distress pada perusahaan food and beverage yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia. Financial and Accounting Indonesian Research, 2(1), 46–56.
Musriani, M., Lintang Rachmadana, S., & Munzir, M. (2022). Pengaruh rasio likuiditas terhadap kelancaran finansial dalam menunjang kinerja usaha pada PT. PLN (Persero) UP3 Sorong Papua Barat. Financial and Accounting Indonesian Research, 2(2), 8–17.
Nugroho, B., Santoso, D., & Permana, A. (2025). Simultaneous effects of discipline and motivation on employee performance: An empirical study in government agencies. Journal of Administrative Sciences, 15(1), 77–90.
Prasetyo, B., & Handayani, T. (2023). Does work ethic moderate the effect of motivation on employee performance? Evidence from the public sector. Jurnal Ilmu Administrasi Publik, 13(2), 101–113.
Pratama, A., & Setiawan, R. (2022). The role of work motivation in enhancing job performance among civil servants. Public Administration Journal, 14(1), 45–58.
Priyanto, B., & Dewi, R. (2021). Leadership strategies to strengthen work ethic and discipline for improved service performance. Jurnal Kepemimpinan dan Pelayanan Publik, 6(2), 150–163.
Putra, D. A., & Aisyah, N. (2024). Work ethic as a moderator of the effect of discipline on productivity in local government. Jurnal Administrasi Negara, 19(1), 26–39.
Putri, N. W., & Handayani, S. R. (2024). The influence of motivation and leadership on service performance in Indonesian local government. Jurnal Administrasi Publik, 20(1), 89–102.
Raharjo, S., & Dewi, N. (2024). The strength of ethical moderation in discipline-led performance improvement programs. Jurnal Manajemen Publik, 21(2), 53–65.
Rahman, R., Putri, D., & Hasan, S. (2025). Creating a culture of excellence: The role of work ethic and discipline in public services. International Journal of Public Sector Management, 18(1), 98–112.
Ramadani, R., & Hidayat, A. (2022). The influence of work ethic on employee performance in government institutions. Indonesian Journal of Public Administration, 11(2), 134–145.
Sanaba, H. F., Andriyan, Y., & Munzir, M. (2022). Analisis faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi kinerja karyawan: Kompensasi, motivasi kerja, lingkungan kerja. Financial and Accounting Indonesian Research, 2(2), 83–96.
Sari, A., & Nugraha, F. (2023). Work ethic as a moderator between work discipline and employee performance: Evidence from local government. Jurnal Ilmu Administrasi Negara, 11(1), 65–77.
Singh, R., & Bedi, M. (2022). The moderating role of work ethic in the relationship between motivation and employee performance. Journal of Public Sector Management, 11(2), 77–89.
Singh, R., & Rao, K. (2021). Discipline, work ethic, and public service excellence: Testing differential moderation effects. International Public Management Review, 19(4), 120–136.
Siregar, D., & Putra, G. (2021). Motivation versus work ethic: Determinants of service performance in local government. Jurnal Administrasi dan Kebijakan Publik, 8(3), 59–71.
Supardi, E., Andriyan, Y., Sanaba, H. F., & Pemerintahan, I. (2023). Pengaruh servant leadership terhadap kinerja pegawai. JPPAP: Jurnal Pemerintahan, Politik Anggaran dan Administrasi Publik, 3(1), 64–72.
Sutanto, R., & Rahmawati, S. (2022). The effect of joint discipline and motivation interventions on government service delivery. Jurnal Administrasi Publik, 22(3), 201–214.
Tamba, M., & Sinaga, D. (2023). Financial and non-financial motivation as drivers of employee performance in public services. Journal of Government and Development, 5(3), 67–78.
Tielung, M. V. J., Karuntu, M. M., & Samadi, R. L. (2024). Pengaruh TQM terhadap keunggulan bersaing yang dimediasi oleh resource based view pada perusahaan pengolahan ikan di Kota Bitung. JMBI UNSRAT (Jurnal Ilmiah Manajemen Bisnis dan Inovasi Universitas Sam Ratulangi), 11(1), 146–159. https://doi.org/10.35794/jmbi.v11i1.54404
Tulung, J. E. (2017). Resource availability and firm’s international strategy as key determinants of entry mode choice. Jurnal Aplikasi Manajemen-Journal of Applied Management, 15(1). http://jurnaljam.ub.ac.id/index.php/jam/article/view/916
Tulung, J., & Ramdani, D. (2024). Political connection and BPD performance. International Research Journal of Business Studies, 16(3), 289–298. https://doi.org/10.21632/irjbs.16.3.289-298
Wang, Q., & Li, Z. (2024). Integrating work discipline and motivation for sustainable organizational performance: A public sector perspective. Asian Journal of Public Administration, 46(2), 212–228.
Yoon, S., & Kim, H. (2022). Work ethic as a key moderator in the relationship between work discipline and organizational performance. Journal of Organizational Behavior in the Public Sector, 18(3), 145–159.
Yusuf, S., Rahman, A., & Lestari, D. (2023). Motivation and job satisfaction as determinants of service quality in government institutions. Journal of Public Sector Management, 10(2), 112–124.
Zhang, L., Hu, Y., & Chen, S. (2023). Work ethic and its differential moderation in discipline-based and motivation-based performance models. Asian Journal of Public Administration, 44(2), 177–191.
Zhang, L., Wang, Y., & Chen, X. (2023). Work ethic and job performance: Evidence from public sector organizations in China. Asian Journal of Public Sector Research, 8(1), 45–60.
