PEMANFAATAN KARBON AKTIF DARI BAMBU SEBAGAI ELEKTRODA SUPERKAPASITOR
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35799/jis.17.1.2017.15802Abstract
PEMANFAATAN KARBON AKTIF DARI BAMBU SEBAGAI ELEKTRODA SUPERKAPASITOR
 ABSTRAK
Pada penelitian ini, karbon aktif berbasis bambu telah digunakan untuk pembuatan superkapasitor. Uji daya jerap iodin dilakukan untuk mengukur tingkat serapan pori sampel karbon aktif yang ukurannya relatif kecil (mikropori). Karakteristik bahan karbon aktif yang meliputi struktur kristal dan morfologi permukaannya diuji dengan menggunakan SEM dan XRD. Bahan elektroda dengan komposisi (Karbon aktif : PVDF = 9:1 (b/b)), kolektor arus dan separator telah dirangkai untuk diuji kinerjanya sebagai perangkat penyimpanan muatan listrik. Metode siklik voltametri digunakan untuk melihat kinerja perangkat superkapasitor dengan mengukur nilai kapasitansi spesifik berdasarkan kurva voltammogram. Berdasarkan hasil perhitungan nilai kapasitansi spesifik diperoleh nilai kapasitansi spesifik tertinggi pada superkapasitor dengan elektroda bambu yang diaktivasi dengan steam 50 mL/bar yaitu sebesar 59.50 F.
Kata kunci: Karbon aktif bambu, siklik voltametri, kapasitansi spesifik, superkapasitor.
Â
Â
UTILIZATION OF BAMBOO BASED ACTIVATED CARBON AS SUPERCAPACITOR ELECTRODE
 ABSTRACT
 In this study, bamboo based activated carbon has been used for fabrication of supercapacitors. Iodine absorption test is performed to measured absorption level porous activated carbon sample size is relatively small (microporous). Characteristics of the activated carbon material covering the surface morphology and structure were tested using SEM and XRD. Electrode materials with composition (Activated charcoal: PVDF = 9: 1 (w / w)), the current collector and separator has been assembled to be tested its performance as an electrical charge storage device. The test results by cyclic voltammetry method was to look at the performance supercapacitor devices at once to obtain the value of the capacitance curve obtained voltammograms. Based on the results of the calculation of the capacitance, the highest capacitance values obtained in the supercapacitor with activated carbon electrodes in bamboo steam 50 mL / bar with a capacitance value is 59.50 F / g.
Keywords: Bamboo activated carbon, cyclic voltammetry, the specific capacitance, supercapacitor.
References
Aripin H, Lestari L, Ismail D, Sabchevski S. 2010. Sago Wasted Based Activated Carbon Film as an Electrode Material for Electric Double Layer Capacitor. The Open Materials Science Journal 2010; 4 : 117-124.
Babel K, Jurewicz K. 2004. KOH Activated Carbon Fabrics as Supercapacitor Material. Journal of Physics and Chemistry of Solids 2004; 65 : 275-280.
Chijuan Hu. 2008. Fluid Coke Derived Activated Carbon as Electrode Material for Electrochemical Double Layer Capacitor [Tesis]. Toronto. Graduate Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto.
Fellman B. 2010. Carbon-Based Electric Double Layer Capacitors for Water Desalination [Tesis]. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
Kierzek K, Frackowiak E, Lota E, Grylewicz G, Machnikowski J. 2004. Electrochemical Capacitors Based on Highly Porous Carbon Prepared by KOH Activation. Electrochemical Acta ; 49 : 515-523.
La Ode Muhammad, Wahid Abdul. 2005. Sensitivitas Analisis Potensi Produksi PembangkitListrik Renewable untuk Penyediaan Listrik Indonesia. Strategi Penyediaan Listrik Nasional Dalam Rangka Mengantisipasi Pemanfaatan PLTU Batubara Skala Kecil, PLTN, Dan Energi Terbarukan : Pusat Pengkajian dan Penerapan Teknologi Konversi dan Konservasi Energi- BPPT, hlm 13-22.
Liu, H. Y., Wang, K. P., and Teng, H. S. 2005. A simplified preparation of mesoporous carbon and the examination of the carbon accessibility for electric double layer formation. Carbon 43: 559-566.
Pari G, Sofyan K, Syafii W, Buchari. 2004. Pengaruh Lama Aktivasi Terhadap Struktur Kimia Dan Mutu Arang Aktif Serbuk Gergaji Sengon. Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan 2004 ; 8: 8-16. Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan, Bogor.
Qu, D. Y., and Shi, H. 1998. Studies of activated carbons used in double-layer capacitors. Journal of Power Sources 74; 99-107.
Ra.E .J., E. Raymundo-pinero, Y.H. Lee, F. Beguin. 2009. High power supercapacitors using polyacryylonitrile carbon nano fiber paper. Carbon 47: 2984-2992.
Wang, X. F., Ruan, D. B., Wang, D. Z., and Liang, J. 2005. Hybrid electrochemical supercapacitors based on polyaniline and activated carbon electrodes. Acta Physico-Chimica Sinica 21; 261-266.
Xing, W., Qiao, S. Z., Ding, R. G., Li, F., Lu, G. Q., Yan, Z. F., et al. 2006. Superior electric double layer capacitors using ordered mesoporous carbons. Carbon 44; 216-224.
Yang, C. C., Hsu, S. T., and Chien, W. C. 2005. All solid-state electric double-layer capacitors based on alkaline polyvinyl alcohol polymer electrolytes. Journal of Power Sources 152; 303-310.
Yueming Li, van Zijll M, Chiang S, Pan N. KOH Modified Graphene Nanosheets for Supercapacitor Electrodes. Journal of Power Sources 2011 ; 196 : 6003-6006.
Zuleta M, Bjornbom P, Lundblad A. 2005. Effects of Pore Surface Oxidation on Electrochemical and Mass-Transport Properties of Nanoporous Carbon. Journal of The Electrochemical Society ; 152 : 270-276.
