Adsorpsi Timbal, Kadmium, dan Pewarna Sintetik Kongo Merah pada Hidroksiapatit dari Tulang Ikan Tuna
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35799/cp.18.1.2025.62659Abstract
Hydroxyapatite (HAp) is a bioceramic material that has high adsorption ability to various types of contaminants. This study aimed to determine the adsorption capacity of HAp synthesized from tuna fish bones on lead and cadmium heavy metal ions, as well as synthetic congo red dye, and determine the most suitable adsorption isotherm model based on experimental data. Structure characterization. HAp was characterized using X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR) to identify the crystal phase and functional groups. Adsorption tests were conducted with variations in solution concentration to obtain adsorption isotherm data. The data were analyzed using Langmuir and Freundlich models. The results showed that the highest maximum adsorption capacity (qmax) was obtained by congo red at 3.4497 mg/g, followed by cadmium at 0.09991 mg/g, and lead at 0.02034 mg/g. Based on the coefficient of determination (R2) value, the Freundlich isotherm model was most suitable for the adsorption of congo red and cadmium, indicating a heterogeneous adsorbent surface. However, lead adsorption did not fit either model. These results indicate that HAp from tuna fish bones has potential as an adsorbent for treating liquid waste containing cadmium and congo red, but is less effective for lead without further modification.
Hidroksiapatit (HAp) merupakan material biokeramik yang memiliki kemampuan adsorpsi tinggi terhadap berbagai jenis kontaminan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kapasitas adsorpsi HAp yang disintesis dari tulang ikan tuna terhadap ion logam berat timbal dan kadmium, serta pewarna sintetik kongo merah, dan menentukan model isoterm adsorpsi yang paling sesuai berdasarkan data eksperimen. Karakterisasi struktur HAp dilakukan menggunakan X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) dan Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR) untuk mengidentifikasi fasa kristal dan gugus fungsi. Uji adsorpsi dilakukan dengan variasi konsentrasi larutan untuk memperoleh data isoterm adsorpsi. Data dianalisis menggunakan model Langmuir dan Freundlich. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa kapasitas adsorpsi maksimum (qmax) tertinggi diperoleh kongo merah sebesar 3,44947 mg/g, diikuti kadmium sebesar 0,09991 mg/g, dan timbal sebesar 0,02034 mg/g. berdasarkan nilai koefisien determinasi (R2), model isoterm Freundlich paling sesuai untuk adsorpsi kongo merah dan kadmium, menunjukkan permukaan adsorben yang heterogen. Sedangkan, adsorpsi timbal tidak sesuai dengan kedua model. Hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa HAp dari tulang ikan tuna berpotensi sebagai adsorben untuk pengolahan limbah cair yang mengandung kadmium dan kongo merah, namun kurang efektif untuk timbal tanpa modifikasi lebih lanjut.
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