PENGARUH SUBSTITUSI TEPUNG IKAN KEMBUNG (Rastrelliger kanagurta) PADA TEPUNG LABU KUNING (Cucurbita moschata) TERHADAP KARAKTERISTIK KUE SEMPRIT

The Impact of Substituting Indian Mackerel Fish (Rastrelliger kanagurta) Flour Fish with for Yellow Pumpkin (Cucurbita moschata) Flour on the Characteristics of Semprit Cake

Abstract

Semprit cookies are a type of dry cookies that are part of the bagged cookies type that are made using a syringe and are one of the snacks that are liked by people from children to adults. This study aims to analyze the characteristics of semprit cookies resulting from the substitution of mackerel flour (Rastrelliger kanagura) with pumpkin flour (Cucurbita moschata). The treatments used in the study were F0 (0 gr mackerel flour: 30 gr pumpkin flour), F1 (10 g mackerel flour: 20 g pumpkin flour), F2 (15 g mackerel flour: 15 g pumpkin flour), F3 (20 g mackerel flour: 10 g pumpkin flour). The parameters tested included water content, ash content, protein content, fat content, carbohydrate content by difference, fiber content and hedonic test. This study used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) which was analyzed by ANOVA and further tested by Duncan. The results of the hedonic test were analyzed using Kruskal-wallis with K-Independent and further tested by Duncan. The results showed that semprit cake from the substitution of mackerel fish flour (Rastrelliger kanagurta) with pumpkin flour (Cucurbita moschata) had a significant effect (p<0.05) on all proximate parameters of semprit cake and organoleptic attributes of semprit cake, except texture. The addition of mackerel fish flour to the formula can increase protein content up to 12.09%, and fat content reaches 21.69%, but reduces carbohydrate content to 63.73%, water content 0.27%, ash content 1.58%, and fiber content 4.56%.

Kata kunci:  Cucurbita, Indian mackerel flour, pumpkin flour, Rastrelliger, spritz cookies.

Kue semprit merupakan jenis kue kering yang termasuk bagian dari jenis bagged cookies yang dibuat menggunakan alat spuit dan menjadi salah satu cemilan yang disukai kalangan mulai dari anak-anak hingga orang dewasa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis karakteristik kue semprit hasil substitusi tepung ikan kembung (Rastrelliger kanagura) pada tepung labu kuning (Cucurbita moschata). Perlakuan yang digunakan dalam penelitian yaitu F0 (tepung ikan kembung 0 g: tepung labu kuning 30g), F1 (tepung ikan kembung 10 g : tepung labu kuning 20 g), F2 (tepung ikan kembung 15 g : tepung labu kuning 15 g), F3 (tepung ikan kembung 20 g : tepung labu kuning 10 g). Parameter yang diuji meliputi kadar air, kadar abu, kadar protein, kadar lemak, kadar karbohidrat by difference, kadar serat dan uji hedonik. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) yang dianalisis dengan ANOVA dan diuji lanjut Duncan. Hasil uji hedonik dianalisis menggunakan Kruskal-wallis dengan K-Independent dan diuji lanjut Duncan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kue semprit hasil substitusi tepung ikan kembung (Rastrelliger kanagurta) pada tepung labu kuning (Cucurbita moschata) memberikan pengaruh nyata (p<0,05) terhadap semua parameter proksimat kue semprit dan atribut organoleptik kue semprit, kecuali tekstur. Penambahan tepung ikan kembung pada formula dapat meningkatkan kadar protein hingga 12.09%, dan kadar lemak mencapai 21,69%, namun menurunkan kadar karbohidrat menjadi 63,73%, kadar air 0,27%, kadar abu 1,58%, dan kadar serat 4,56%.

Kata kunci:  Cucurbita, tepung ikan kembung, tepung labu kuning, Rastrelliger, kue semprit