Identifikasi Pola Bakteri Aerob dan Uji Sensitivitas Antibiotik di Ruang Pelayanan Obstetri Neonatal Emergensi Komprehensif dan Kamar Bersalin RSIA Kirana Manado
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35790/ecl.v14i2.67144Keywords:
bakteri aerob; uji sensitivitas antibiotik; ruang PONEK; kamar bersalinAbstract
Abstract: Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs) and antibiotic resistance are serious threats in healthcare facilities. Mapping bacterial patterns and antibiotic susceptibility profiles in the hospital environment is crucial for infection prevention and control. This study aimed to identify the pattern of aerobic bacteria and antibiotic sensitivity of the bacteria found in the Comprehensive Emergency Obstetric and Neonatal Care (CEmONC) unit and delivery rooms of RSIA Kirana Manado. This was a descriptive observational study with a cross-sectional design. A total of 25 samples were taken from surfaces (walls, floors, equipment) and air in the two rooms. Bacterial identification used Gram staining and biochemical tests, followed by antibiotic susceptibility testing using the Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method against 11 antibiotics. All samples showed the growth of Gram-positive aerobic bacteria. The identified bacteria were Bacillus sp. (44%), Staphylococcus sp. (40%), Streptococcus sp. (8%), and Lactobacillus sp. (8%). The susceptibility test showed high sensitivity to gentamicin, meropenem, and ciprofloxacin. Conversely, high resistance was found against various β-lactam antibiotics such as ampicillin, amoxicillin/clavulanate, cephalothin, cefepime, and aztreonam. In conclusion, dominant aerobic bacterial patterns, Bacillus sp. and Staphylococcus sp., and their antibiotic susceptibility profiles were identified in the CEmONC unit and delivery room environment of RSIA Kirana Manado.
Keywords: aerobic bacteria; antibiotic susceptibility test; CEmONC unit; delivery room
Abstrak: Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs) dan resistensi antibiotik merupakan ancaman serius di fasilitas Kesehatan. Pemetaan pola bakteri dan kepekaan antibiotik di lingkungan rumah sakit sangat penting untuk pencegahan dan pengendalian infeksi. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi pola bakteri aerob dan uji sensitivitas antibiotik pada bakteri yang ditemukan di ruang PONEK dan kamar bersalin RSIA Kirana Manado. Jenis penelitian ialah deskriptif observasional dengan desain potong lintang. Pengambilan sampel sebanyak 25 buah diambil dari permukaan (dinding, lantai, peralatan) serta udara di kedua ruangan. Identifikasi bakteri menggunakan pengecatan Gram dan uji biokimia, dilanjutkan uji sensitivitas antibiotik dengan metode Kirby-Bauer terhadap 11 jenis antibiotik. Semua sampel menunjukkan pertumbuhan bakteri aerob Gram positif. Bakteri yang teridentifikasi ialah Bacillus sp. (44%), Staphylococcus sp. (40%), Streptococcus sp. (8%), dan Lactobacillus sp. (8%). Uji sensitivitas menunjukkan sensitivitas tinggi pada gentamicin, meropenem, dan ciprofloxacin. Sebaliknya, resistensi tinggi ditemukan terhadap berbagai antibiotik β-laktam seperti ampicillin, amoxicillin/clavulanate, cephalothin, cefepime, dan aztreonam. Simpulan penelitian ini ialah teridentifikasi pola bakteri aerob dominan Bacillus sp. dan Staphylococcus sp. serta profil sensitivitas antibiotik di lingkungan PONEK dan kamar bersalin RSIA Kirana Manado.
Kata kunci: bakteri aerob; uji sensitivitas antibiotik; ruang ponek; kamar bersalin
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