Analisis Faktor Risiko dengan Kejadian Berat Badan Lahir Rendah di RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado Periode 2023-2024
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35790/ecl.v14i2.66056Keywords:
berat badan lahir rendah; faktor risiko; paritasAbstract
Abstract: Low birth weight (LBW) remains a significant health issue both globally and nationally, including in Manado, which has shown an increase in cases in recent years. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between maternal age, parity, placenta previa, preeclampsia, anemia, premature rupture of membranes (PROM), and urinary tract infection (UTI) with the incidence of LBW at Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou General Hospital Manado from 2023-2024. This was a quantitative retrospective study with a cross-sectional approach. Samples were taken using total sampling from medical records at the Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou General Hospital that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data were analyzed with the chi-square test with a significance level of p<0.05. The results obtained 1747 deliveries, with 284 cases of LBW. The analysis showed that only parity had a significant relationship with LBW (p=0.033), while maternal age (p=0.655), placenta previa (p=0.293), preeclampsia (p=0.637), anemia (p=0.657), PROM (p=0.589), and UTI (p=0.963) showed no statistically significant relationships (p>0.05). In conclusion, there is a significant relationship between parity and the incidence of LBW, while other risk factors do not show significant relationships with the incidence of LBW at RSUP Prof. Dr. R.D. Kandou Manado in the year 2023-2024.
Keywords: low birth weight; risk factors; parity
Abstrak: Masalah berat badan lahir rendah (BBLR) terus menjadi isu kesehatan baik secara global maupun nasional, termasuk di Kota Manado yang menunjukkan peningkatan dalam beberapa tahun belakangan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan usia ibu, paritas, palsenta previa, preeklamsia, anemia, ketuban pecah dini (KPD), dan infeksi saluran kencing (ISK) dengan kejadian BBLR di RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado periode 2023-2024. Jenis penelitian ialah kuantitatif retrospektif dengan desain potong lintang. Sampel diambil secara total sampling dari data rekam medik di Bagian Obstetri dan Ginekologi RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi. Analisis statistik menggunakan uji chi-square dengan tingkat signifikansi p<0,05. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan dari 1747 persalinan didapatkan 284 kasus BBLR. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa hanya paritas yang memiliki hubungan bermakna dengan BBLR (p=0,033). Sementara plasenta previa (p=0,293), KPD (p=0,589), preeklamsia (p=0,637), usia ibu (p=0,655), anemia (p=0,657), dan ISK (p=0,963) tidak menunjukkan hubungan bermakna secara statistik (p>0,05). Simpulan penelitian ini pada persalinan di RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado periode 2023-2024 didapatkan hubungan bermakna antara paritas dengan kejadian BBLR, sementara faktor risiko lain tidak menunjukkan hubungan bermakna.
Kata kunci: berat badan lahir rendah; faktor risiko; paritas
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