IDENTIFIKASI BAKTERI Escherichia coli PADA IKAN KERAPU (Epinephelus sp) SEGAR, AIR DAN ES PADA PEDAGANG PASAR BERSEHATI DI KOTA MANADO
Identification of Escherichia coli of Fresh Grouper Fish , Water and Ice Utilized in Fish Handling in Manado City Market
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35800/mthp.12.2.2024.57634Abstract
E. coli bacteria is a common contaminant of fishery products. Improper handling, including the use of contaminated water and ice and exposure to unclean or polluted environments, can facilitate the transfer of bacteria to fish and other seafood products. In this instance, water is employed to remove impurities, including sand and mucus, and to inhibit bacterial growth. The use of ice is regarded as the most effective method for maintaining the quality of fresh fish during the marketing process. The results of microbiological tests are of great importance in determining the quality of fresh fish. The objective of this study was to identify the presence of E. coli bacteria in grouper fish, as well as in the water and ice utilized in fish handling at Bersehati market. The research method employed is descriptive research, whereby the state of fish handling in the field is first identified, samples are subsequently analyzed in a laboratory setting, and the data obtained is then interpreted. The APM value of E. coli in grouper fish exhibited a range of 23 APM/g to 93 APM/g. The water APM values ranged from 9.3 APM/mL to 43 APM/mL, while the ice APM values were 240 APM/mL. This indicates that some samples exceeded the microbial contamination limits set forth in the Indonesian’s standard for fish (less than 3 APM/g), water (less than 0 APM/mL), and ice (less than 3 APM/mL). Further biochemistry tests on the samples revealed negative E. coli results, despite the initial estimation and confirmation tests indicating a potential for E. coli contamination. However, the possibility of bacteria exhibiting similar properties to E. coli, namely Citrobacter, could not be ruled out
Keywords: Grouper Fish, Water, Ice, Escherichia coli, Biochemical Test
Bakteri E.coli merupakan salah satu bakteri yang umum ditemukan pada produk hasil perikanan, apabila penanganan yang dilakukan tidak tepat seperti air dan es serta lingkungan yang tidak bersih atau tercemar. Dalam hal ini air digunakan untuk menghilangkan kotoran, pasir, lendir dan meminimalkan pertumbuhan bakteri dan penggunaan es dinilai sebagai teknik penanganan ikan segar yang paling tepat untuk dapat menjaga mutu ikan segar selama pemasaran. Uji mikrobiologis sangat penting artinya dalam penentuan mutu ikan segar. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu mengidentifikasi bakteri E.coli pada ikan kerapu serta air dan es yang digunakan pada penanganan ikan di pasar Bersehati. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu metode penelitian deskriptif dengan mengidentifikasi keadaan penanganan ikan di lapangan dilanjutkan dengan menganalisis sampel di laboratorium dan menginterpretasikan data yang didapat. Nilai APM E. coli pada ikan kerapu berkisar antara 23 APM/g – 93 APM/g. Nilai APM air adalah 9,3 APM/mL-43 APM/mL, dan Nilai APM es 240 APM/mL. Hal ini menunjukan bahwa ada beberapa sampel melebihi batas cemaran mikroba sesuai SNI untuk ikan < 3 APM/g, untuk air <0 APM/mL, dan untuk es <3 APM/mL. Sampel yang diuji lanjutan dengan uji biokimia menunjukkan negatif E. coli walaupun saat uji perkiraan dan penegasan menunjukkan adanya kemungkinan cemaran E.coli namun kemungkinan adanya bakteri yang memiliki sifat yang sama dengan E.coli yaitu Citrobacter.
Kata kunci: Ikan kerapu, Air, Es, Escherichia coli, Uji Biokimia
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